Berliner Boersenzeitung - French far-right firebrand Le Pen's buried in private ceremony

His funeral followed a mass in his hometown of La Trinite-sur-Mer in the western region.

The funeral was attended by his daughter Marine Le Pen, who took over her father's political mantle, and other family members, political allies and close friends.

Authorities beefed up security ahead of the ceremony, with barriers erected around the cemetery and dozens of police mobilised.

Security was tightened and protests banned after hundreds took to the streets in Paris and other cities to pop champagne corks and celebrate 96-year-old Le Pen's death on Tuesday.

Marine Le Pen and one of her two sisters, Marie-Caroline, walked the few hundred metres between the family home and the small church of Saint-Joseph under blue skies in front of a small crowd of onlookers and several dozen journalists.

Among others attending the ceremony was Jordan Bardella, the leader of the party Le Pen co-founded, now called the National Rally, according to several sources.

Around 200 people were expected at the church service, after which Le Pen was buried in the vault where his parents rest.

"It's moving for me to pay my last respects to him here and to pray for the salvation of his soul," said one of the guests, Bruno Gollnisch, Jean-Marie Le Pen's one-time right-hand man.

"He was a joyful comrade!"

- 'He loved France' -

Some locals praised Le Pen's devotion to France.

"I came to pay tribute to a man who served France and loved France," one mourner said.

"We've come to pay tribute to a great man who had the courage to say things," said another. "He was a visionary. He loved France and its people and they had values that are being lost, like love of the nation."

On Friday, regional authorities issued an order banning demonstrations to avoid "the risk of disruption and counter-demonstrations likely to provoke clashes".

Separately, a ceremony will take place on January 16 at the Notre Dame du Val-de-Grace church in Paris that will be open to the public.

Opponents on the left said they could not mourn the death of a "fascist".

But the government condemned rallies celebrating Le Pen's passing. Prime Minister Francois Bayrou described him as a "fighter" and "figure of French political life", comments that caused consternation on the left.

Le Pen's staunchly anti-immigration National Front (FN), founded in 1972, won its first seats in the National Assembly in 1984.

Then, in 2002, Le Pen burst onto the frontline of French politics by edging Socialist Lionel Jospin in presidential elections to make the run-off against right-winger Jacques Chirac.

- 'Devil of the Republic' -

Nicknamed "the devil of the Republic" by opponents, he was often openly racist, made no secret of anti-Semitic views -- for which he received criminal convictions -- and boasted of torturing prisoners during France's war against Algeria.

His politician daughter Marine Le Pen rapidly took steps towards making the far right an electable force, renaming it the National Rally (RN) and embarking on a policy known as "dediabolisation" (de-demonisation).

She threw her father out of the party for his anti-Semitism but the pair had reconciled in recent years.

President Emmanuel Macron did not make any personal comment on Le Pen's death. His office issued a terse written statement saying history would judge Le Pen and adding that the president sent his condolences to the family.

But Le Pen's death marked a sign of his political rehabilitation among senior RN figures who rushed to hail his contribution.

"He always served France and defended its identity and sovereignty," RN party chief Bardella, 29, said in a tribute mentioning none of the controversies that surrounded his life.

(K.Müller--BBZ)